목차

특집 1:민주주의의 성격을 묻는다

자본주의와 민주주의 — 마르크스주의적 관점 *

MARX21

  • 출처: Paul Le Blanc, What do socialists say about democracy, International Socialist Review 74(November 2010).

  1. Anthony Arnove, Chris Moore, and Howard Zinn, directors, The People Speak, 2009와 Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: HarperCollins, 2004)[국역: 《미국 민중사》, 이후, 2008]를 보시오.
  2. C. L. R. James (with Raya Dunayevskaya and Grace Lee Boggs), “The Invading Socialist Society”, in Noel Ignatiev, ed., A New Notion: Two Works by C. L. R. James (Oakland, CA: PM Press, 2010), 28. 다음도 보시오. David Forgacs, ed., An Antonio Gramsci Reader (New York: Schocken Books, 1988), Gregor Benton, ed., Chen Duxiu’s Last Articles and Letters, 1937-1942 (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1998), and Machael Pearlman, ed., The Heroic and Creative Meaning of Socialism: Selected Essays of José Carlos Mariátegui (Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 1996).
  3. James P. Cannon, “Socialism and Democracy,” in Speeches for Socialism (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1971), 356, 361. 다음도 보시오. Jean Tussey, ed., Eugene V. Debs Speaks (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970) and Paul Le Blanc, From Marx to Gramsci: A Reader in Revolutionary Marxist Politics (Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 1996).
  4. “부르주아 혁명”이라는 논쟁적 개념을 둘러싼 공격과 방어는 다음에 잘 정리돼 있다. Colin Mooers, The Making of Bourgeois Europe (London: Verso, 1991) and Henry Heller, The Bourgeois Revolution in France, 1789-1815 (New York: Berghahn Books, 2006)
  5. Pauline Maier, American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence (New York: Penguin Books, 1998).
  6. Gary B. Nash, The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America (New York: Penguin Books, 2005), 100, 203, 206, 278-79, 367; Sean Wilentz, The Rise of American Democracy, Jefferson to Lincoln (New York: W. W. Norton, 2005), 32.
  7. Diego Rivera and Bertram D. Wolfe, Portrait of America (New York: Covici Friede, 1934), 104; Wilentz, 27-28. Edward Countryman, The American Revolution, revised edition (New York: Hill and Wang, 2003).
  8. M. I. Finley, Democracy Ancient and Modern, revised edition (Rutgers, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1985), 13; Ellen Meiksins Wood, “Demos Versus ‘We the People’: Freedom and Democracy Ancient and Modern”, in Josiah Ober and Charles Hedrick, eds., Demokratia: A Conversation on Democracies, Ancient and Modern (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996), 132, 122-23; Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay, The Federalist Papers, Edited by Clinton Rossiter (New York: New American Library, 1961), 214-15.
  9. Federalist Papers, 79, 81, 322–25.
  10. Dietrich Rueschemeyer, Evelyne Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens, Capitalist Development and Democracy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992) [국역: 《자본주의 발전과 민주주의》, 나남신서, 1997], 40, 44, 122–32.
  11. 같은 책, 141, 140. 다음도 보시오. Göran Thernborn, “The Rule of Capital and the Rise of Democracy,” New Left Review 103 (May–June 1977): 3–41, and Geoff Eley, Forging Democracy, The History of the Left in Europe, 1850–2000 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002).
  12. August H. Nimtz, Jr., Marx and Engels: Their Contribution to the Democratic Breakthrough (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2000), vii; 이에 대해 내가 쓴 서평도 보시오. “Marx and Engels: Democratic Revolutionaries,” International Viewpoint, September 2002, http://www.internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article381.
  13. Phil Gasper, ed., The Communist Manifesto: A Road Map to History’s Most Important Document (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2005), 4243, 53, 56, 59, 69. “진정한 민주주의”가 공산주의와 같다는 주장에 대해서는 다음을 보시오. Richard N. Hunt, The Political Ideas of Marx and Engels, Vol. I, (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1974), 74–75, and Michael Löwy, The Theory of Revolution in the Young Marx (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2005), 41–43.
  14. Karl Marx, “The Civil War in France,”[국역: 《프랑스 내전》, 박종철출판사, 2003] in David Fernbach, ed., The First International and After: Political Writings, Vol. 3, (Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books, 1974), 210; S. Ryzanskaya, ed., Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Selected Correspondence revised edition, (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1965), 452.
  15. “Practical Politics,” The Alarm, October 11, 1884, 1 (microfilm).
  16. Albert Einstein, “Why Socialism?”, Monthly Review, May 1949, http://www.monthlyreview.org/598einstein.php.
  17. Sheldon Wolin, “Transgression, Equality, and Voice,” in Ober and Hedrick, eds., Demokratia, 87.
  18. Paul Goodman, “Getting Into Power,” in Paul Goodman, ed., Seeds of Liberation (New York: George Braziller, 1964), 433.
  19. 룩셈부르크의 비판이 옳았다는 것은 당시 상황을 부정확하게 이해한 것이다. ─ 옮긴이.
  20. 1917년 러시아 혁명이 얼마나 민주적이었고 또 뒤이은 상황이 얼마나 끔찍했는지에 대해서는 다음을 보시오. Rex A. Wade, The Russian Revolution 1917 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), and William Henry Chamberlin, The Russian Revolution, 1917–1921 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987). 잘못된 이론적 정당화에 대해서는 Hal Draper, The “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” from Marx to Lenin (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1987)을 보시오. 스탈린주의 독재에 대해서는 Leon Trotsky, The Revolution Betrayed (New York: Doubleday, Doran, 1937)[국역: 《배반당한 혁명》, 갈무리, 1995]와 Roy Medvedev, Let History Judge: The Origins and Consequences of Stalinism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989)을 보시오.
  21. V. I. Lenin, “The Revolutionary Proletariat and the Right of Nations to Self-Determination,” in Paul Le Blanc, ed., Revolution, Democracy, Socialism, Selected Writings (London: Pluto Press, 2006), 233–34.
  22. Leon Trotsky, “The United Front for Defense: Letter to a Social Democratic Worker,” in George Breitman and Merry Meisel, eds., The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1971), 367–68.
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